Location of the Academy of Music
The Academy is situated in the heart of the Avenue of the Arts (Broad St. below
Philadelphia's City Hall), Philadelphia's premier arts district, which
encompasses a wide range of performing arts, visual, and community-based
organizations that have joined together to foster the city's economic
revitalization and re-establish Philadelphia's position as a great cultural
center.
Seating Capacity and other info
The main hall (capacity 2,897) is constantly in use for concerts, theatre
performances such as Wicked or The Lion King and operas, ballets, and other
events.
The Ballroom (capacity 350), was inspired by the design of the Hall of mirrors
at Versailles as is rarely used for big ticket events.
History of the Academy of Music
Philadelphia's Academy of Music is both a celebrated historical landmark and a
current focus of cultural life in the city. Opened in 1857, the Academy is the
oldest grand opera house in the United States still used for its original
purpose. It remains one of the busiest halls in the world and hosts a myriad of
community functions and cultural activities, including performances by the Opera
Company of Philadelphia, the Pennsylvania Ballet and Philly Pops with Peter
Nero. The Academy is owned by The Philadelphia Orchestra Association and is
managed by The Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts. As early as 1839 attempts
were made to build a grand opera house in Philadelphia. It was not until 1852
that a stock offering was tendered for what is know today as "the Grand Old Lady
of Locust Street." To make it official and as an appeal to the public, the
"Charter and Prospectus of The Opera House or American Academy of Music" was
published in 1852. This document set forth the features of construction, the
details of management and the advantages of investing in the proposed endeavor.
An architectural competition for the Academy's design was announced in October
1854 and was won by the Philadelphia firm of Napoleon Le Brun and Gustavus
Runge. The groundbreaking ceremony was held on June 18, 1855. At that time, the
center of Philadelphia was at Fifth and Chestnut Streets. The residential area
at Broad and Locust Streets was chosen as the site for the new opera house,
partially because it was free from traffic noises. Due to budgetary
restrictions, the architects decided to concentrate most on the design of the
interior while leaving the exterior "perfectly plain and simple like a
Markethouse." It was expected that, at a later date, the exterior would be faced
with marble. Bronze gas lanterns, which were donated by the Philadelphia Gas
Works and were installed in 1968, were reproduced from pictures of the originals
which were installed in 1885 and later removed. In their proposal, Le Brun and
Runge stated that "acoustic and optical effects have been very carefully
studied, and particular attention given to the comfort and accommodation of the
audience." Their design features an "open horseshoe" shape which offers greater
visibility than most opera houses to the audience seated on both sides of the
balconies. The auditorium is enclosed by a solid three-foot brick wall, the
inner sides of which are lined with studding and pine boards to absorb sounds
and prevent echoes. Supported by 14 Corinthian columns, the balconies are
recessed upward in a tiered fashion and the front of the first balcony is
adorned with medallions of stylized design. The opulent interior of the hall is
further enriched by the magnificent crystal chandelier 50 feet in circumference,
16 feet in diameter, and 5,000 pounds in weight. Originally the chandelier had
240 gas burners, but it was electrified in 1900. It was rewired in 1957 and, at
that time, it was fitted with an electric-powered winch, allowing it to be
lowered in five minutes rather that requiring four hours and 12 people to lower
it by hand. A bust of Mozart executed in bas-relief majestically crowns the
proscenium arch. Above, and to the left, is the seated figure of Poetry, and, to
the right, that of Music. Charles Busher and Adolph Bailey designed and executed
the exquisite carved and gilded wood sculptural decorations throughout the hall.
Karl Hermann Schmolze painted the ceiling murals of allegorical figures. The
American Academy of Music opened with a Grand Ball and Promenade Concert on
January 26, 1857. The American premiere of Verdi's opera Il trovatore was
presented at the Academy on February 25, 1857. Other noted operas that had their
American premieres here include Gounod's Faust, Strauss' Ariadne auf Naxos and
Wagner's The Flying Dutchman. The list of renowned artists who have performed at
the Academy reads like a "who's who" of the past century of performing arts
history, with such greats as Marian Anderson, Maria Callas, Enrico Caruso, Aaron
Copland, Vladimir Horowitz, Gustav Mahler, Anna Pavlova, Luciano Pavarotti,
Itzhak Perlman, Leontyne Price, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Artur Rubinstein, Isaac
Stern, Richard Strauss, Igor Stravinsky, Joan Sutherland, and Pyotor Ilyich
Tchaikovsky, among many others. The history of the world-famous Philadelphia
Orchestra is inextricably involved with that of the Academy. Wolfgang Sawallisch
began his tenure as the sixth Music Director of the Orchestra in 1993. He
continued the musical excellence of his predecessors Fritz Scheel, Carl Pohlig,
Leopold Stokowski, Eugene Ormandy, and Riccardo Muti. Numerous presidents have
visited the Academy of Music since its opening. In this hall Ulysses S. Grant
was nominated for his second term of office in 1872. President Grover Cleveland
attended a gala celebration of the centennial of the U.S. Constitution with his
newlywed wife in 1886, and a special wooden floor was placed over the parquet
seats, allowing 1,500 guests to dine, dance, and celebrate with the President
and his new bride. The wooden floor was again installed in 1889 for the first
indoor football game in Philadelphia, between the University of Pennsylvania and
the Riverton Club of Princeton. Richard Nixon came to the Academy in 1970 to
attend a Philadelphia Orchestra concert and present Eugene Ormandy with the
Presidential Medal of Freedom Even the Academy of Music basement has a rich
history. In 1857, it held a restaurant with elegant decor and crystal
chandeliers. Off the main area were drawing rooms where ladies sipped sherry and
gentlemen smoked their cigars. During World War II, the restaurant was converted
into the "Stage Door Canteen," serving refreshments and featuring appearances by
stars of stage, screen, opera, concert, and radio, including favorites Abbott
and Costello, Duke Ellington, Alfred Lunt, Lynn Fontanne, Gertrude Lawrence,
Yehudi Menuhin, and Frank Sinatra. The Canteen continued operating from June
1942 until October 1945 and hosted a total of 2,500,000 men and women from the
armed services during these years. As it approached its centennial, the Academy
of Music was beginning to show its age. In the early 1950s, The Philadelphia
Orchestra Association purchased the Academy and established the Restoration Fund
Office to raise funds for restoration and improvements throughout the Academy.
The Academy of Music Anniversary Concert and Ball, inaugurated in 1957 on the
100th anniversary of its opening, is a major annual event in Philadelphia. The
Concert and Ball hosts local and international attendees, guest artists and
conductors, and is one of the most successful fundraising events in the country.
Proceeds from these galas have furthered numerous restoration projects,
including a new main house curtain, designed and woven by Scalamandré,
conservation of the ceiling murals and wood sculptures, the restoration of the
main lobby and grand staircase to their former splendor, and the renovation,
soundproofing, and carpeting of the ballroom. Two new elevators were installed,
thanks to the generosity of Ambassador and Mrs. Walter H. Annenberg, making all
levels of the auditorium accessible to the physically challenged. The Academy
was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1963. A multi-million-dollar
renovation has been underway at the Academy since 1994. The six-phase project
involves major structural work, backstage theatrical modernization, and
improvements to audience services that are designed to take the Academy of music
into the 21st century as one of the foremost performing arts centers in the
world.
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